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《了不起的决心》:打开一扇感知中国的窗******

  作者:田维钢(中国传媒大学电视学院教授、博士生导师);宋文植(中国传媒大学电视学院研究生)

  十年一顾,沧桑巨变。近期CGTN推出的四集系列纪录片《了不起的决心》通过新颖的主题设置、国际化的传播语态、生动的人物故事,展现了中国在过去十年里的巨变,并深入地分析了巨变背后的原因,引发了海内外受众的热烈反响。该片主要由Z世代年轻人组成主创团队,历时一年策划制作,行程四万公里,以英、法、阿、俄、西、德、葡、印地语等共15种语言版本,用一种新的思路和打开方式讲述着不一样的中国故事。其中既有现场真实记录,又有理性分析思考,用专业影像让世界读懂中国的十年蝶变之道,在中国踏上新征程之际,为全球受众打开了一扇感知中国的窗。

  一直以来,以“真实性”为本质特征的纪录片,是国际传播中的“文化硬通货”,被认为是传播中国声音、讲好中国故事的有效载体。而有些国际传播纪录片因过于注重国家形象的自塑,而忽视了海外观众尤其是年轻观众的兴趣取向,从而导致传播效果打了折扣。纪录片《了不起的决心》通过“酷”“钱”“暖”“未来”四个新颖的主题设置,每一集以个人故事为主导,用时代做注脚,既能涵盖这十几个方面的突出成就,又易于海外受众理解。

  纪录片将厚重的中华文化底蕴及其所塑造的生活方式与思维观念,落实到当代青年人的体验与感受之中。用镜头记录下一个个传统文化重焕新生的瞬间,折射出过去十年里年青一代人心中逐渐树立起的文化自信。在《了不起的决心》中,纪录片并未堆砌展示中国文化的符号意义,而是立足当下,将视角聚焦于那些被历史文化感召并将其传承发扬的年轻人身上。片中的中国青年不仅理解传统文化之美,还在思考如何让它生生不息。纪录片团队和河南博物院华夏古乐团共同策划了“古乐还原辛弃疾经典”,复原失传数百年的《破阵子》词牌曲调演奏和吟唱方式,并用MV的形式向世界展现宋词之美和辛弃疾所代表的中国家国情怀,在海外取得了超过百万的点击量。

  党的十八大以来,中国在经济、文化、科技等各方面阔步前行,取得了令世界瞩目的成就,如何解释这些变化背后的原因,成为中国媒体的重要任务。《了不起的决心》没有延续传统政论片的宏大叙事和成就巡礼,而是以类似科普片的类型化包装,思辨性的话语方式,带领观众从深圳到合肥再到鄂尔多斯一路北上,由表及里地分析中国十年发展路上每个奇迹背后的治国理念。纪录片的思辨性语态,体现在向观众抛出问题,并带领观众抽丝剥茧地分析问题,解决问题。创作者试图带领观众一同探究“中国是如何应对文化、经济、发展等发展挑战的”的问题,以24组生动具体的人物故事诠释国家战略,使原本复杂的政策性问题变得通俗易懂。比如创作者从“光”出发,揭秘激光雷达和自动驾驶背后的极客生活,了解量子纠缠背后的女工程师们和那座迅速崛起的中部城市;从“温暖”入手,跟踪记录两个脊髓性肌肉萎缩症患者家庭从绝望到希望的全过程;着眼“未来”,记录沙特人感受中国物流极致体验的故事,讲述“巴西设计”的“中国制造”产生的过程。这种基于人类命运共同体理念,向世界观众阐述中国高速发展背后的中国智慧,给海外观众留下了深刻印象。

  海外传播纪录片不仅应发挥国家会客厅维度的严肃效能,同时还应顾及观赏、审美等功能。在融媒体时代,纪录片应适应移动互联网的传播特点,创新方法与策略,让世界看到中国纪录片,看懂中国纪录片,更喜欢中国纪录片,用精品力作向世界展示一个真实、立体、全面的中国。《了不起的决心》运用创意化、轻量化的视听语言,中和了纪录片原本的严肃气质,更加契合当下年轻网络受众的接受心理。在视听风格上,该片呈现出一种短视频的气质:充满节奏感与力量感的混剪,震撼的穿越航拍长镜头,活泼灵动的逐帧动画,创作者通过视听技巧的创意构思,为观众打造出一场视听盛宴。片中的人物也被这种影像风格赋予了一种潮酷气质,让受众感受到新时代中国人的蓬勃朝气。

  总而言之,在全球化发展的今天,纪实影像作为一种反映人类社会生活的综合艺术以及文化传播的形式,成为世界文化沟通的桥梁。纪录片《了不起的决心》运用新鲜的视角、独特的风格、真实的笔触,用纪实影像呈现时间维度中中国动态发展的过程,审视中国人积极进取的社会实践,激发海外受众的心理共鸣,不失为一次纪录片海外传播的范例。

  《光明日报》( 2022年12月21日 15版)

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中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

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